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Volume 3, Issue 1, February 1990
Editorial
Mark Coleridge, John Honner, Francis J. Moloney, pp.iii-iv
SO WE BEGIN our third year. Pacifica has found its way into international theological libraries, abstracting and indexing services. Over six hundred regular subscribers receive the journal. For this ready support we are very grateful, and somewhat relieved. The publication of a new journal is always risky. We knew many problems were entailed in this venture, but some of them have only become obvious in hindsight. One particular difficulty has been the paradoxical nature of our aims: ecumenical, yet with a Catholic base; international, but with Australian origins; scholarly, and yet attending to vital issues. There is an obvious tension in each of these aims and the character of the journal is rather complex as a result. Several themes have clearly emerged in the articles being sent to us. The tension between Western Christianity and indigenous cultures, the demand for a contextualised theology, the religion of the Patriarchs, and the possibility of religious pluralism, for example, are all related topics which have received coverage in this and the previous number of Pacifica. Again, a number of very helpful articles exploring different aspects of the ordination of women are crossing our desk. A third clearly defined set of contributions has to do with the science/theology and creation/ecology debates. Studies published on the ethics of in vitro fertilisation are also to be expected, given the lively debates on this topic that a flourishing Melbourne industry has generated. Finally, and quite different again in style and focus, there have been some studies commenting on recent Roman Catholic teaching. All of these, in their own way, illustrate the diversity and richness of theological concerns in our region. And they are, of course, the concerns of the wider Church. While it is never our intention to publish issues of the journal devoted to a particular theme, occasionally articles will be chosen because of the way they fit together with each other. Occasionally, on the other hand, some articles quite obviously clash with each other: this only serves to heighten the very different theological interests we have. The variety in contributions to Pacifica forces its readership to look beyond the boundaries of regional and denominational concerns and to appreciate those difficulties and styles of approach which shape nearby theologies. We see all this as a positive contribution. But what has been missing from Pacifica ? One of our editorial consultants makes a plea for more lively debate! The pages of the journal are certainly open to those who might wish to voice an argument counter to a position established in any published articles. While we will continue to maintain the scholarly standard of Pacifica, this does not mean that all articles need be of great length or intensely shot through with footnotes. Secondly, not much has crossed our desk which is concerned with the issues of belief and unbelief in the developed technological cultures of the west. Such reflection seems to us to be vitally important, and we invite contributions on this issue. Thirdly, subscribers have asked us to provide occasional articles in which current thinking in this or that particular field of theology is reviewed by a leading scholar in the area. This we shall attempt to do. As we write these words, news has just come to us of the murder of our colleagues – theologians, scholars, and editors of journals – in the University of Central America in El Salvador. That their names might be remembered, and that we may pledge our fidelity to the thousands of powerless, nameless ones who have died before them in El Salvador and elsewhere, we dedicate this issue of Pacifica to the memory of Ignacio Ellecuría (rector), Ignacio Martín-Baró (editor of the influential Estudios Centro Americanos), Segundo Montes, Amando Lopez, Joaquín Lopez Lopez, Juan Ramón Moreno, their helper, Elba Julia Ramos, and her daughter, Carlita (Celina) Ramos.
Articles
Can Religions Change? A Hierarchy of Values in Genesis
John Hilary Martin, pp.1-24
This article examines how a religion can change, and yet remain the same religion. Religious identities persist even if challenged by major cultural and environmental changes when, and if, the values which are truly central are retained. This is the case because central themes serve to organise and to harness any novel additions in such a way that they, too, reinforce the traditional religious identity. Without denying the findings of biblical scholarship that Genesis is a composite work reflecting the efforts of many hands, it is not simply an anthology of bits and pieces indiscriminately thrown together, but a religious statement shaped by skill and planning with central themes in view. The narratives of Genesis, the Cain–Abel story and the mirror image story of Jacob–Esau give us an opportunity of observing reform without loss of religious identity. If any religion is to be understood adequately and studied properly, whether Aboriginal or Testamental, its hierarchy of values must be examined with care and sensitivity to discover what truly are its central religious themes.
Social Justice and Preferential Love for the Poor: Towards True Harmony in Interfaith Relationships
J.B. Banawiratma, pp.25-44
Interreligious dialogue will stay on the situation of “gasping breath” unless it becomes interreligious communication and a movement in the context of the conflictual historical human conditions. These movements are the partial realisation of God’s kingdom, which lies in the climate of justice and preferential love for the poor. Harmony without justice and preferential love is a superficial harmony, which covers injustice and violence. The priority of praxis is not a strategy to approach other religions. It flows directly out of Christian faith: to follow Christ radically is to follow him in praxis. Responsibility to make our common life more human is our praxis of faith. To enter into the mystery of harmony means to be touched by the eschatological harmony of God’s kingdom and to be beware of stopping at a superficial harmony.
No Other Name? A Critique of Religious Pluralism
Anne Hunt, pp.45-60
John Hick and Paul Knitter propose a radical attitude to the plurality of religions and religious truth-claims which they call religious pluralism. The strategy of relativising Jesus’ salvific status, which they propose, has serious ramifications. Three issues emerge from the arguments concerning religious pluralism. The Christological issue is fundamental. Second is the essential task of assessment of religious truth-claims. Finally, the possibility of dialogue itself emerges as problematic for religious pluralism. Is religious pluralism an intellectually reasonable and ethically responsible attitude for Christians to adopt in regard to the plurality of religious traditions and their truth-claims? It is the author’s conclusion that it is not.
Towards a Theology of Procreation: An Examination of the Vatican Instruction Donum Vitae
William Daniel, pp.61-86
The Instruction of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith regarding in vitro fertilization and other forms of modern reproductive technology attempted to build on previous Church doctrine, especially on the Encyclical “Humanae Vitae” of Pope Paul VI (1968) and the Congregation’s own Declaration on Abortion (1974). It is argued that it misunderstands and misrepresents both documents, and that a better case can be made for the Congregation’s position than it makes itself. In brief, the main case against IVF is based, not on its treatment of the embryo or the future child, but on its failure to respect the dignity of the parents as procreators.
Discovering an Australian Theology: A Review
Veronica Brady, pp.87-93
PETER MALONE (Coordinator), Discovering an Australian Theology (Homebush, N.S.W.: St Paul Publications, 1988). Pp. 238, Rrp. $AUD16.95.
Book Reviews
The Second Epistle of Paul to the Corinthians: An Introduction and Commentary
Colin G. Kruse
Christopher J. Monaghan pp.94-95
Paul and the Torah
Lloyd Gaston
William J. Dalton pp.95-97
The Hour of Jesus
Ignace De La Potterie
Francis J. Moloney pp.97-99
Christian Humanism and the Puritan Social Order
M. Todd
Ian Breward pp.99-101
Sacred Word and Sacred Text: Scripture in World Religions
Harold Coward (Ed.)
Paul Rule pp.101-103
Inclusive Language in the Church
Nancy A. Hardesty
Pauline Smith pp.103-105
Towards the Healing of Schism
E.J. Stormon (Ed. and Trans.)
Peter Knowles pp.105-106
A Reader in African Christian Theology
John Parratt (Ed.)
Garry W. Trompf pp.107-109
Paul and the Christian Woman
Brendan Byrne
Morna Hooker pp.109-112
The Gospel According to Saint Matthew
W.D. Davies and Dale C. Allison
Nigel Watson pp.112-114
One Faith, Many Cultures: Inculturation, Indigenization, and Contextualization
Ruy O. Costa (Ed.)
Sean McNulty pp.114-116
The Myth of Christian Uniqueness: Toward a Pluralistic Theology of Religions
John Hick and Paul F. Knitter (Eds.)
Sean McNulty pp.116-118
Theological Investigations, Volume 21
Karl Rahner
John Honner pp.118-122
Contributors
John Hilary Martin, O.P., S.T.Lr, M.Litt., Ph.D., teaches in the Dominican School at the Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley. In 1988 he lectured at the Yarra Theological Union in Melbourne. His article on “The Four Senses of Scripture” appeared in Pacifica 2 (1989) 87-106. J. B. Banawiratma, S.J., after completing postgraduate studies in theology in Innsbruck, is Dean of the theology faculty at the Kolese St. Ignatius in Yogyakarta. His article is a revised version of an address given at BIRA IV/10 and IV/11 (the Bishops’ Institute for Interreligious Affairs) in Sukabumi, Indonesia, June-July 1988.
Anne Hunt, after a B.Sc. at Melbourne University and a B.Theol. at Yarra Theological Union, did further theological studies in New York and completed a Master of Arts in Theology at Catholic Theological Union, Chicago. At present she is Principal of Loreto, Mandeville Hall, in Melbourne, and engaged in doctoral research through Melbourne College of Divinity.
William J. Daniel, S.J., M.A., S.T.D., is a member of the faculty of Jesuit Theological College in Melbourne and teaches moral theology at the United Faculty of Theology, Catholic Theological College, and Yarra Theological Union. He was a member of the Australian Uranium Advisory Council, and has published widely on bioethics, land rights, and other issues.
Veronica Brady, I.B.V.M., B.A, M.A., Ph.D., is senior lecturer in English at the University of Western Australia. An authority on the Australian novelist Patrick White, she was also a board member of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation from 1983 to 1986.
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